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時(shí)間:2016-07-26
來(lái)源:留學(xué)監(jiān)理網(wǎng)
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這幾日,希拉里承諾STEM專(zhuān)業(yè)研究生畢業(yè)將自動(dòng)獲綠卡的消息在廣大美國(guó)留學(xué)生圈里炸開(kāi)了鍋,各種解讀各種分析,真是越刷越燃,那么到底這事靠不靠譜呢?希拉里阿姨的承諾到底能不能兌現(xiàn)呢?相信大家也看明白了,希拉里當(dāng)選+新的移民法案獲得通過(guò)是必要前提。
今天我們不討論這個(gè)還不確定的問(wèn)題,我們討論一下STEM的問(wèn)題。
什么是STEM?
STEM由科學(xué)(Science)、技術(shù)(Technology)、工程(Engineer)和數(shù)學(xué)(Mathematics)首字母組成,是美國(guó)鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生主修科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程及數(shù)學(xué)的一項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。在美國(guó)國(guó)土安全局網(wǎng)站上可以查到一個(gè)長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的屬于STEM計(jì)劃的專(zhuān)業(yè)列表,比如化工、計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)、物理、數(shù)學(xué)、生物科學(xué)和航空航天等理工科。
STEM有什么好處?
對(duì)于國(guó)際學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō),畢業(yè)之后想找工作就要申請(qǐng)OPT(Optional Practical Training),有了OPT才可以在美國(guó)合法實(shí)習(xí)、工作,但是OPT都是有一定時(shí)間限制的。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的OPT只有一年時(shí)間,也就是說(shuō)如果畢業(yè)生一年之內(nèi)無(wú)法拿到H1B工作簽證,就必須離開(kāi)美國(guó)了。但是STEM專(zhuān)業(yè)的畢業(yè)生可以申請(qǐng)額外17個(gè)月的OPT延期(據(jù)傳說(shuō)新政策將延期增加至了24個(gè)月),也就是說(shuō)他們將擁有總共29個(gè)月的OPT時(shí)間用來(lái)找工作并申請(qǐng)H1B工作簽證。因此,選擇STEM項(xiàng)目,對(duì)于國(guó)際學(xué)生在美國(guó)找工作來(lái)說(shuō)是莫大的優(yōu)勢(shì)!
商科屬于STEM專(zhuān)業(yè)嗎?
傳統(tǒng)商科如金融(金融工程除外)、會(huì)計(jì)等顯然不是STEM專(zhuān)業(yè),但是,近年來(lái)隨著大數(shù)據(jù)的興起,數(shù)據(jù)分析項(xiàng)目如雨后春筍一般在美國(guó)商學(xué)院興起。由于這些項(xiàng)目與數(shù)學(xué)、統(tǒng)計(jì)及信息科學(xué)有大量的交叉,因此十分具備成為STEM專(zhuān)業(yè)的資質(zhì)。另有一些學(xué)校商學(xué)院的信息系統(tǒng)管理(Information Management)項(xiàng)目也紛紛增加了數(shù)據(jù)分析的方向。但是,目前來(lái)看,擁有STEM標(biāo)簽的商學(xué)院數(shù)據(jù)分析項(xiàng)目仍然是少數(shù)。
今年三月份,美國(guó)國(guó)土安全部發(fā)布了有關(guān)于“STEM專(zhuān)業(yè)OPT延期的最終政策”的文件。這份文件已于3月11日,在聯(lián)邦公報(bào)網(wǎng)站上公示,于2016年5月10日正式生效!而最值得關(guān)注的,則是STEM專(zhuān)業(yè)OPT延期將從原來(lái)的17個(gè)月調(diào)整為24個(gè)月!加上原來(lái)12月的OPT時(shí)間,STEM專(zhuān)業(yè)的學(xué)生OPT最終總共時(shí)間加起來(lái)將為36個(gè)月!
下面是美國(guó)官方認(rèn)定的422個(gè)STEM專(zhuān)業(yè),請(qǐng)大家按字母排列進(jìn)行查詢(xún),一些新被認(rèn)定的項(xiàng)目可能未被列入表中請(qǐng)諒解。
以下是全部422個(gè)STEM專(zhuān)業(yè)列表(按字母誰(shuí)序排列)
Acoustics |
Actuarial Science |
Aeronautical/Aerospace Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn |
Aeronautics/Aviation/Aerospace Science and Technology, General |
Aerospace Ground Equipment Technology |
Aerospace Physiology and Medicine |
Aerospace, Aeronautical and Astronautical/Space Engineering |
Agricultural and Horticultural Plant Breeding |
Agricultural Animal Breeding |
Agricultural Engineering |
AgroEcology and Sustainable Agriculture |
Agronomy and Crop Science |
Air and Space Operational Art and Science |
Air and Space Operations Technology |
Air Science/Airpower Studies |
Aircraft Armament Systems Technology |
Algebra and Number Theory |
Analysis and Functional Analysis |
Analytical Chemistry |
Anatomy |
Animal Behavior and Ethology |
Animal Genetics |
Animal Health |
Animal Nutrition |
Animal Physiology |
Animal Sciences, General |
Animal Sciences, Other |
AniMATion, InterACTive Technology, Video GrAPhics and SpeCIAl Effects |
Applied Mathematics, General |
Applied Mathematics, Other |
Aquatic Biology/Limnology |
Archeology |
Architectural and Building Sciences/Technology |
Architectural Drafting and Architectural CAD/CADD |
Architectural Engineering |
Architectural Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn |
ArtifiCIAl Intelligence |
Astronomy |
Astronomy and Astrophysics, Other |
Astrophysics |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Climatology |
Atmospheric Physics and Dynamics |
Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, General |
Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Other |
Atomic/Molecular Physics |
AutoMATion Engineer Technology/TechniCIAn |
Automotive Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn[SITESERVER_PAGE] |
Behavioral Sciences |
BioChemical Engineering |
Biochemistry |
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology |
Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Other |
Bioengineering and Biomedical Engineering |
BioinforMATics |
Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Other |
Biological and Physical Sciences |
BioLogical/BioSystems Engineering |
Biology TechniCIAn/Biotechnology Laboratory TechniCIAn |
Biology/Biological Sciences, General |
BioMathematics, BioinforMATics, and Computational Biology, Other |
Biomedical Sciences, General |
Biomedical Technology/TechniCIAn |
Biometry/Biometrics |
Biophysics |
BioPsychology |
BioStatistics |
Biotechnology |
Botany/Plant Biology |
Botany/Plant Biology, Other |
Business Statistics |
CAD/CADD Drafting and/or Design Technology/TechniCIAn |
Cardiovascular Science |
Cell Biology and Anatomy |
Cell Physiology |
Cell/Cellular and Molecular Biology |
Cell/Cellular Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Other |
Cell/Cellular Biology and Histology |
Ceramic Sciences and Engineering |
Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering |
Chemical Engineering |
Chemical Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn |
Chemical Engineering, Other |
Chemical Physics |
Chemical Process Technology |
Chemical Technology/TechniCIAn |
Chemistry, General |
Chemistry, Other |
Civil Drafting and Civil Engineering CAD/CADD |
Civil Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn |
Civil Engineering, General |
Civil Engineering, Other |
Clinical and Industrial Drug Development |
Clinical Laboratory Science/Medical Technology/Technologist |
Cognitive Psychology and Psycholinguistics |
Cognitive Science |
Combat Systems Engineering |
Command & Control (C, CI) Systems and Operations |
Comparative Psychology |
Computational and Applied Mathematics |
Computational Biology |
Computational Mathematics |
Computational Science |
Computer and Information Sciences, General |
Computer and Information Sciences, Other |
Computer and InforMATion Systems Security/InforMATion Assurance |
Computer Engineering Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other |
Computer Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn |
Computer Engineering, General |
Computer Engineering, Other |
Computer Graphics |
Computer Hardware Engineering |
Computer Hardware Technology/TechniCIAn |
Computer Programming, Other |
Computer Programming, Specific APplications |
Computer Programming, Vendor/Product Certification |
Computer Programming/Programmer, General |
Computer Science |
Computer Software and Media APplications, Other |
Computer Software Engineering |
Computer Software Technology/TechniCIAn |
Computer Support SpeCIAlist |
Computer Systems Analysis/Analyst |
Computer Systems Networking and Telecommunications |
Computer Technology/Computer Systems Technology |
Computer/Information Technology Services Administration and Management, Other |
Condensed Matter and MATerials Physics |
Conservation Biology |
Construction Engineering |
Construction Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn |
Cyber/Computer Forensics and Counterterrorism |
Cyber/Electronic Operations and Warfare |
Cytotechnology/Cytotechnologist |
Dairy Science |
DATa Modeling/Warehousing and DATabase Administration |
DATa Processing and DATa Processing Technology/TechniCIAn |
Developmental and Child Psychology |
Developmental Biology and Embryology |
Digital Communication and Media/Multimedia |
Directed Energy Systems |
Drafting and Design Technology/TechniCIAn, General |
Drafting/Design Engineering Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other |
Ecology |
Ecology and Evolutionary Biology |
Ecology, Evolution, SysteMATics and Population Biology, Other |
Econometrics and Quantitative Economics |
Educational Evaluation and Research |
Educational Statistics and Research Methods |
Educational/Instructional Technology |
Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other |
Electrical and Electronics Engineering |
Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn |
Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering, Other |
Electrical/Electronics Drafting and Electrical/Electronics CAD/CADD |
Electromechanical and Instrumentation and Maintenance Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other |
Electromechanical Engineering |
Electromechanical Technology/Electromechanical Engineering Technology |
Elementary Particle Physics |
Endocrinology |
Energy Management and Systems Technology/TechniCIAn |
Engineering Acoustics |
Engineering Chemistry |
Engineering Design |
Engineering Mechanics |
Engineering Physics/Applied Physics |
Engineering Science |
Engineering Technologies and Engineering-Related Fields, Other |
Engineering Technology, General |
Engineering, General |
Engineering, Other |
Engineering/Industrial Management |
Engineering-Related Fields, Other |
Engineering-Related Technologies, Other |
Entomology |
Environmental Biology |
Environmental Chemistry |
Environmental Control Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other |
Environmental Engineering Technology/Environmental Technology |
Environmental Health |
Environmental Science |
Environmental Studies |
Environmental Toxicology |
Environmental/Environmental Health Engineering |
Epidemiology |
Evolutionary Biology |
Exercise Physiology |
Experimental Psychology |
Explosive Ordinance/Bomb Disposal |
Financial Mathematics |
Food Science |
Food Science and Technology, Other |
Food Technology and Processing |
Forensic Chemistry |
Forensic Science and Technology |
Forest Engineering |
Forest Sciences and Biology |
Genetics, General |
Genetics, Other |
Genome Sciences/Genomics |
Geochemistry |
Geochemistry and Petrology |
GeogrAPhic InforMATion Science and Cartography |
GeoLogical and EArth Sciences/Geosciences, Other |
Geological/Geophysical Engineering |
Geology/Earth Science, General |
Geometry/Geometric Analysis |
GeoPhysics and Seismology |
Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering |
Hazardous MATerials InforMATion Systems Technology/TechniCIAn |
Hazardous MATerials Management and Waste Technology/TechniCIAn |
Health/Medical Physics |
Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn |
Horticultural Science |
Human Biology |
Human Computer InterACTion |
Human/Medical Genetics |
Hydraulics and Fluid Power Technology/TechniCIAn |
Hydrology and Water Resources Science |
Immunology |
Industrial and Physical Pharmacy and Cosmetic Sciences |
Industrial Engineering |
Industrial Production Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other |
Industrial Radiologic Technology/TechniCIAn |
Industrial Safety Technology/TechniCIAn |
Industrial Technology/TechniCIAn |
InforMATics |
InforMATion Operations/Joint InforMATion Operations |
Information Science/Studies |
Information Technology |
Information Technology Project Management |
InforMATion/PsychoLogical Warfare and Military Media Relations |
Inorganic Chemistry |
Instrumentation Technology/TechniCIAn |
Integrated Circuit Design |
Intelligence, Command Control and InforMATion Operations, Other |
Intelligence, General |
Joint Command/Task Force (C, CI) Systems |
Laser and Optical Engineering |
Laser and Optical Technology/TechniCIAn |
Livestock Management |
Low-Observables and Stealth Technology |
Management Science |
Management Science and Quantitative Methods, Other |
Manufacturing Engineering |
Manufacturing Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn |
Marine Biology and BioLogical OceanogrAPhy |
Marine Sciences |
MATerials Chemistry |
Materials Engineering |
Materials Science |
Materials Sciences, Other |
MATheMATical Biology |
Mathematical Statistics and Probability |
Mathematics and Computer Science |
Mathematics and Statistics |
Mathematics and Statistics, Other |
Mathematics, General |
Mathematics, Other |
Mechanical Drafting and Mechanical Drafting CAD/CADD |
Mechanical Engineering |
Mechanical Engineering Related Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other |
Mechanical Engineering/Mechanical Technology/TechniCIAn |
Mechatronics, Robotics, and AutoMATion Engineering |
Medical Informatics |
Medical Microbiology and Bacteriology |
Medical Scientist |
Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry |
Metallurgical Engineering |
Metallurgical Technology/TechniCIAn |
Meteorology |
Microbial and Eukaryotic Genetics |
MicrobioLogical Sciences and Immunology, Other |
Microbiology and Immunology |
Microbiology, General |
Military Applied Sciences, Other |
Military InforMATion Systems Technology |
Military Systems and Maintenance Technology, Other |
Military Technologies and Applied Sciences, Other |
Mining and Mineral Engineering |
Mining and Petroleum Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other |
Mining Technology/TechniCIAn |
Missile and Space Systems Technology |
Modeling, Virtual Environments and Simulation |
Molecular Biochemistry |
Molecular Biology |
Molecular Biophysics |
Molecular Genetics |
Molecular Medicine |
Molecular Pharmacology |
Molecular Physiology |
Molecular Toxicology |
Munitions Systems/Ordinance Technology |
Mycology[SITESERVER_PAGE] |
Nanotechnology |
Natural Products Chemistry and Pharmacognosy |
Natural Resources Conservation and Research, Other |
Natural Resources/Conservation, General |
Natural Sciences |
Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering |
Naval Science and Operational Studies |
Network and System Administration/Administrator |
Neuroanatomy |
Neurobiology and Anatomy |
Neurobiology and Behavior |
Neurobiology and Neurosciences, Other |
NeuroPharmacology |
Neuroscience |
Nuclear and Industrial RadioLogic Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other |
Nuclear Engineering |
Nuclear Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn |
Nuclear Physics |
Nuclear/Nuclear Power Technology/TechniCIAn |
Nutrition Sciences |
Occupational Safety and Health Technology/TechniCIAn |
Ocean Engineering |
OceanogrAPhy, Chemical and Physical |
Oncology and Cancer Biology |
Operational OceanogrAPhy |
Operations Research |
Optics/Optical Sciences |
Organic Chemistry |
PackAging Science |
Paleontology |
PAPer Science and Engineering |
Parasitology |
Pathology/Experimental Pathology |
Personality Psychology |
Petroleum Engineering |
Petroleum Technology/TechniCIAn |
Pharmaceutical Sciences |
Pharmaceutics and Drug Design |
PharmacoEconomics/Pharmaceutical Economics |
Pharmacology |
Pharmacology and Toxicology |
Pharmacology and Toxicology, Other |
Photobiology |
Physical Chemistry |
Physical Science Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other |
Physical Sciences |
Physical Sciences, Other |
Physics, General |
Physics, Other |
Physiological Psychology/Psychobiology |
Physiology, General |
Physiology, Pathology, and Related Sciences, Other |
Planetary Astronomy and Science |
Plant Genetics |
Plant Molecular Biology |
Plant Pathology/Phytopathology |
Plant Physiology |
Plant Protection and Integrated Pest Management |
Plant Sciences, General |
Plant Sciences, Other |
Plasma and High-Temperature Physics |
Plastics and Polymer Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn |
Polymer Chemistry |
Polymer/Plastics Engineering |
Population Biology |
Poultry Science |
Pre-Engineering |
Psychometrics and Quantitative Psychology |
PsychoPharmacology |
Quality Control and Safety Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other |
Quality Control Technology/TechniCIAn |
Radar Communications and Systems Technology |
Radiation Biology/Radiobiology |
Range Science and Management |
Reproductive Biology |
Research and Experimental Psychology, Other |
Robotics Technology/TechniCIAn |
Science Technologies/TechniCIAns, General |
Science Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other |
Semiconductor Manufacturing Technology |
Signal/Geospatial Intelligence |
Social Psychology |
Soil Chemistry and Physics |
Soil Microbiology |
Soil Science and Agronomy, General |
Soil Sciences, Other |
Solar Energy Technology/TechniCIAn |
Space Systems Operations |
Statistics, General |
Statistics, Other |
Strategic Intelligence |
Structural Biology |
Structural Engineering |
Surveying Engineering |
Surveying Technology/Surveying |
Sustainability Studies |
System, Networking, and LAN/WAN Management/Manager |
SysteMATic Biology/BioLogical SysteMATics |
Systems Engineering |
Systems Science and Theory |
TeleCommunications Engineering |
Telecommunications Technology/TechniCIAn |
Textile Sciences and Engineering |
Theoretical and Mathematical Physics |
Theoretical Chemistry |
Topology and FounDATions |
Toxicology |
Transportation and Highway Engineering |
Undersea Warfare |
Urban Forestry |
Veterinary Anatomy |
Veterinary Infectious Diseases |
Veterinary Microbiology and Immunobiology |
Veterinary Pathology and Pathobiology |
Veterinary Physiology |
Veterinary Preventive medicine Epidemiology and Public Health |
Veterinary Toxicology and Pharmacology |
Virology |
Vision Science/PhysioLogical Optics |
Water Quality and Wastewater Treatment Management and Recycling Technology/TechniCIAn |
Water Resources Engineering |
Water, Wetlands, and Marine Resources Management |
Web Page, Digital/Multimedia and InforMATion Resources Design |
Web/Multimedia Management and Webmaster |
Welding Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn |
Wildlife Biology |
Wildlife, Fish and Wildlands Science and Management |
Wood Science and Wood Products/Pulp and PAPer Technology |
Zoology/Animal Biology |
Zoology/Animal Biology, Other |
好吧,我們先期待希拉里阿姨能夠順利當(dāng)選吧,提醒大家:2016年美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó)總統(tǒng)選舉將于2016年11月08日星期二舉行,大家敬請(qǐng)期待吧。
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