留學(xué)監(jiān)理網(wǎng)獨(dú)家發(fā)布！雅思閱讀（學(xué)術(shù)類）模擬題精講！（一）

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Reading

READING PASSAGE 1

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1–13, which are based on Reading

Passage 1 below.

MAKING TIME FOR SCIENCE

Chronobiology might sound a little futuristic – like something from a science fiction novel, perhaps – but it’s actually a field of study that concerns one of the oldest processes life on this planet has ever known: short-term rhythms of time and their effect on flora and fauna.

This can take many forms. Marine life, for example, is influenced by tidal patterns. Animals tend to be active or inactive depending on the position of the sun or moon. Numerous creatures, humans included, are largely diurnal – that is, they like to come out during the hours of sunlight. Nocturnal animals, such as bats and possums, prefer to forage by night. A third group are known as crepuscular: they thrive in the low-light of dawn and dusk and remain inactive at other hours.

When it comes to humans, chronobiologists are interested in what is known as the circadian rhythm. This is the complete cycle our bodies are naturally geared to undergo within the passage of a twenty-four hour day. Aside from sleeping at night and waking during the day, each cycle involves many other factors such as changes in blood pressure and body temperature. Not everyone has an identical circadian rhythm. ‘Night people’, for example, often describe how they find it very hard to operate during the morning, but become alert and focused by evening. This is a benign variation within circadian rhythms known as a chronotype.

Scientists have limited abilities to create durable modifications of chronobiological demands. Recent therapeutic developments for humans such as artificial light machines and melatonin administration can reset our circadian rhythms, for example, but our bodies can tell the difference and health suffers when we breach these natural rhythms for extended periods of time. Plants appear no more malleable in this respect; studies demonstrate that vegetables grown in season and ripened on the tree are far higher in essential nutrients than those grown in greenhouses and ripened by laser.

Knowledge of chronobiological patterns can have many pragmatic implications for our day-to-day lives. While contemporary living can sometimes appear to subjugate biology – after all, who needs circadian rhythms when we have caffeine pills, energy drinks, shift work and cities that never sleep? – keeping in synch with our body clock is important.

The average urban resident, for example, rouses at the eye-blearing time of 6.04 a.m., which researchers believe to be far too early. One study found that even rising at 7.00 a.m. has deleterious effects on health unless exercise is performed for 30 minutes afterward. The optimum moment has been whittled down to 7.22 a.m.; muscle aches, headaches and moodiness were reported to be lowest by participants in the study who awoke then.

Once you’re up and ready to go, what then? If you’re trying to shed some extra pounds, dieticians are adamant: never skip breakfast. This disorients your circadian rhythm and puts your body in starvation mode. The recommended course of action is to follow an intense workout with a carbohydrate-rich breakfast; the other way round and weight loss results are not as pronounced.

Morning is also great for breaking out the vitamins. Supplement absorption by the body is not temporal-dependent, but naturopath Pam Stone notes that the extra boost at breakfast helps us get energised for the day ahead. For improved absorption, Stone suggests pairing supplements with a food in which they are soluble and steering clear of caffeinated beverages. Finally, Stone warns to take care with storage; high potency is best for absorption, and warmth and humidity are known to deplete the potency of a supplement.

After-dinner espressos are becoming more of a tradition – we have the Italians to thank for that – but to prepare for a good night’s sleep we are better off putting the brakes on caffeine consumption as early as 3 p.m. With a seven hour half-life, a cup of coffee containing 90 mg of caffeine taken at this hour could still leave 45 mg of caffeine in your nervous system at ten o’clock that evening. It is essential that, by the time you are ready to sleep, your body is rid of all traces.

Evenings are important for winding down before sleep; however, dietician Geraldine Georgeou warns that an after-five carbohydrate-fast is more cultural myth than chronobiological demand. This will deprive your body of vital energy needs. Overloading your gut could lead to indigestion, though. Our digestive tracts do not shut down for the night entirely, but their work slows to a crawl as our bodies prepare for sleep. Consuming a modest snack should be entirely sufficient.

>>>雅思閱讀協(xié)助定位常見同義詞

Questions 1–7

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?

In boxes 1–7 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

1 Chronobiology is the study of how living things have evolved over time.

2 The rise and fall of sea levels affects how sea creatures behave.

3 Most animals are active during the daytime.

4 Circadian rhythms identify how we do different things on different days.

5 A ‘night person’ can still have a healthy circadian rhythm.

6 New therapies can permanently change circadian rhythms without causing harm.

7 Naturally-produced vegetables have more nutritional value.

>>>免費(fèi)在線測試你的雅思閱讀能考多少分

ANSWERS

1. FALSE：答案見原文第1段：but it’s actually a field of study that concerns one of the oldest processes life on this planet has ever known: short-term rhythms of time and their effect on flora and fauna. 而題目中是說Chronobiology是研究生物如何進(jìn)化的，與原文表述不符。

2. TRUE：見原文第2段Marine life, for example, is influenced by tidal patterns.這句話是說海洋生活受潮漲潮落影響。題目中的The rise and fall of sea levels= tidal patterns，sea creatures海洋生物包含在Marine life中，而且下文也提到Animals怎樣受到了影響。

3. NOT GIVEN：題目是說多數(shù)動物在白天活躍，而原文中低2段是說有的動物白天活動，有的動物夜間活動，并沒有說多數(shù)動物都是白天活動。

4. FALSE：見原文第3段This is the complete cycle our bodies are naturally geared to undergo within the passage of a twenty-four hour day.原文是說Circadian rhythms（生理規(guī)律）是人們身體在一天24小時內(nèi)的自然運(yùn)行規(guī)律，并不能識別人們在不同的日期如何做不同的事情。

5. TRUE：見原文第3段最后1句話This is a benign variation within circadian rhythms known as a chronotype.是說‘night person’是人體生理規(guī)律一種良性變異，所以是healthy的。

6. FALSE：見原文第4段Recent therapeutic developments for humans such as artificial light machines and melatonin administration can reset our circadian rhythms, for example, but our bodies can tell the difference and health suffers when we breach these natural rhythms for extended periods of time.原文是說therapeutic developments可改變circadian rhythms，但是如果長期破壞自然規(guī)律，我們的身體會發(fā)生差異并遭遇健康問題。而題目是說新的治療方法可以持久改變生理規(guī)律而不會造成傷害，所以是錯誤的。

7. TRUE：見原文第4段最后一句話studies demonstrate that vegetables grown in season and ripened on the tree are far higher in essential nutrients than those grown in greenhouses and ripened by laser.是說研究表明，按季節(jié)生長并自然成熟的蔬菜的基本的營養(yǎng)要高于在溫室中生產(chǎn)并催熟的蔬菜，所以，題目中說自然生長的蔬菜具有更高的營養(yǎng)價值是正確的。

8-13題目及解析見后續(xù)文章。（請持續(xù)關(guān)注留學(xué)監(jiān)理網(wǎng)動態(tài)或關(guān)注微信公眾號“考鴨資料庫”閱讀相關(guān)文章）

雅思考試閱讀(學(xué)術(shù)類)部分共有三篇文章，考生需要回答40道題目。每一篇文章所需要回答的問題數(shù)量并不相同。每一道問題相對應(yīng)一個分?jǐn)?shù)。文章內(nèi)容和題目均出現(xiàn)于試卷中。

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留學(xué)規(guī)劃和留學(xué)申請是一項復(fù)雜的長期工程，不能片面聽取網(wǎng)友的交流，更不能輕信留學(xué)中介的說辭。留學(xué)監(jiān)理網(wǎng)由有20多年國際教育行業(yè)管理和服務(wù)經(jīng)驗的前教育部官員胡本未老師創(chuàng)立，得到新華社和央視網(wǎng)的高度評價。留學(xué)監(jiān)理網(wǎng)免費(fèi)為學(xué)生提供留學(xué)咨詢規(guī)劃建議、推薦靠譜的留學(xué)機(jī)構(gòu)、審核留學(xué)方案和中介服務(wù)協(xié)議，受學(xué)生委托提供監(jiān)理服務(wù)、督辦留學(xué)中介的服務(wù)過程并“先行賠付”。

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